Improvement in wood-lathes



nithtettsetmt @fge HENRY '.l. CLAY, Oli PHILi-IDELIIIIA, IENSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T() HIM- blll'il1 ANI) G. It. BLAKISTON, OF SAME PLAGE.

llr'zh'rs [furent No. 69,543. dated October 8, 1867: mindat/'rl October 2, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN W0 OD-LATHES.

To ALL wnoM rr MAY eoNeEnu:

Be it known that I, IIuNliY T. CLAY, oi' Philzulelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented a Lathe for Turning' Bro0n1-IIandles and other objects; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.A

My invention consists ot' certain mechanism fully described hereafter for turning straight, or tapering, or other shaped handles for brooms and other objects.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to malge and use my invention, I will now proceed to describe its construction and operation. On reference to the accompanying drawing, which forms apart of this specification Figure l is a longitudinal sectional view ot` my improved machinery for turning handles, &c.

Figure 2, a plan view of the same.

'Figure 3, a sectional view on the line 1,-2, iig. 1.

Figure 4, a section =on` the line ST4, fig. 1.

Figure 5, an exterior Vview of. fig. 4; and

Figures G, T, and b', detached views of parts of the machine.

Similar letters refer to similar partsthroughout thefseveral views.

. A is the base of the machine, on which are two standards, (t and. a', and in the latter turns z1- shaft, B, provided with a driving-pulley, B', and on the same shaft, between the standards, is a pinion, Z), and a pulley, C. On the lend of the shaft I3 is hung loosely a bell-crank lever, D, one arm of which terminates in a toothed segment, c, and in bearings on the end of the other arm turns a spindle, E, on which is a wheel, F, having a serrated or roughened groove, d, the sides of which are at rightangles to each other. On the other end of the spindle E is a cog-wheel, Gr, and motion is imparted to the said spindle by a cog-wheel, II, which gears into the pinion I; upon theA driving-shaft B. A weighted lever, I, is hung to the standard a, and this lever has a toothed segment,

o', which gears into the segment o. In bearings on another arm of this lever, shown in dotted lines, g. 1,

turns a spindle, J. l On one end of this spindle is a cog-wheel, G', which is of the same diameter as and gears into the cog-wheel G- above, and on the other end oi' the spindle J is a grooved wheel, F', directly beneath and similar to the grooved wheel F upon the spindle E. In the groove zZ' of the wheel F' is a spring-guide or stop,

A hollow spindle, K, having a driving-pulley, K', turns in suitable bearings in uprights ff, secured to the base A, and to the end of this spindle is bolted or otherwise secured a conical tube, g, figs. 1 and 2, having on each side a lug, gl. To one of these lugs is secured a chisel, 71, which projects through the side of the tube, and into the conical opening g2 of the same. Upon opposite sides of the spindle K are two projecting lugs, z', iig. 4, and near to the outer end of one of these lugs is secured an elastic cutting tool, z", which pro jects through a hole,j, into the openingj' of thc spindle, the said cutter being sufficiently elastic to admit of a slight movement from. Vand towards the centre of the spindle K. Upon this spindle K is asleeve, L, having n. wedge, 7c, which projects from the sleeve into the space between the tool z" and the lug z', and encircling the sleeve L is a collar, Z, provided on opposite sides with headed pins Z', which t freely in the forked ends et' an arm, M, projecting from a rock-spindle, M', which turns in bearings in the baseA, motion being imparted to this spindle in a manner hereafter described. Two standards, m and m', similar to the standards a a' at the opposite end of the machine, are secured to the hase A, and in these standards turns a spindle, N, on which is a pinion, u. To the spindle N is hung loosely a lever, O, precisely similar to the lever D of the shaft B, and this lever is provided with a spindle, O', having two cog-wheels, I and Q., the former gearing into a pinion, p, on the spindle and motion being given to the spindle by a chain, which connects its pulley It with the pulley C upon the driving-shaft Il. A weighted lever, S, is hung to the standard m, and like the lever I has a toothed segment, q', gearing into the segment q of the lever O. ',lhc lever S is also provided with a spindle, T, turned bymeans of a wheel, Q', gearing into the wheel Q of the spindle O'. Upon the ends of each of the spindles O' and T, and directly opposite to theend ofthe hollow spindle K, is a wheel, Each ofthe Wheels U and U', as seen in iig. 8, is formed by two disks, 7' and 1", between which is secured a ring, s, of gum-elastic having upon its edge a semicireular groove, s'. ',lnrning in the lower part of the standards m m' is a spindle,

V, upon which is a large cog-wheel, W, gearing into the pinion n of thc spindle N, and in the saine spindle V, and against the face of the wheel W, is a cam, X, shown in fig. 6. An arm, Y, projects from the rock-shaft M', close to the face of the wheel W, and over the cam X, and by means of its weight, t, a. projection, u, of the arm bears continually1 upon the said cam.

Operation.

Power is applied to the driving-pulley B', and is transmitted through the wheels Z1 and H, G, and G', tothe groored wheels F and F', which revolve in the direction ofl their arrows, lig. 1. At the same time, by means of the chain connecting the pulleys C and R, and the gearing belore described, the elastic grooved wheels U and U' are caused to turn simultaneously with and at the same speed as the wheels F and li". As the pinion n gears into the large cog-wheel W, the latter and the cam X will revolve slowly. The hollow spindle K is also caused to revolve rapidly in the direction of its arrow, lig. 2. When the cam X upon the rock-spindle V is in the position shown in fig. 6, the urm Y is depressed, and the other arm, M, of the same spindle M has moved back the sleeve L and its wedge lc from beneath the cutter i', when the latter will be in the position shown in iig. 4, which is its proper one, when the operation begins. The square strips to be turned are inserted between the grooved wheels F and F', the proper time for insertion being indicated bythe arrival ofthe spring-plate e to the position shown in fig. 1, the end el' the spring forming a stop for the strip. rlfhe wood is carried towards the hollow spindle K by the wheels F and F', which wheels, by the action of the weight upon the lever l, retain a firm hold upon the wood and prevent it from turning round. The strip enters the conical end g2 oi' the spindle K, and is roughly rounded hy the cutter L in the tube g. It is gradually forced through the spindle K until it reaches the cutter e", by which the Wood is turned first to the smallest diameter required. In the meanwhile the cam-wheel X revolves with the wheel W in the direction of its arrow, and the arm Y is raised, partially turning the rock-spindle M' and causing the arm M to move the sleeve L along the spindle K, and the wedge cbetwecn the cutter z" and its lug z', consequently the cutter t' is gradually forced from the centre of the spindle, and the diameter of the wood increases as it is pushed through the spindle. The wood, as it is turned, passes on through the spindle K, and between the elastic wheels U and U', by which it is drawn from the machine, as they adapt themselves to the diameter oi' the shape of the strip or handle. When the cam X has made a complete revolution, the arm Y, by the actionof its weight t, falls until its projection u rests upon tho portion of the cam X having the smallest radius. The arm Y in falling draws the wedge c from between the tool t" and its lug z', and the tool springs from its proper position, ready to commence its operations on a second strip of wood. The position of the tool in the spindle K is determined by that of' the wedge lc, and as the latter is operated bythe cam-wheel X, it is evident that the shape imparted to the strip depends upon the forni of the cam-wheel employed. The eam-wheel shown in the drawing is intended for use in turning broomhandles and other objects o' a tapering form, hut all that is necessary in order to produce a variety oi shapes is to vary the form of the cam-wheel.

Oli-reference to 6g. 8 it will be seen that each of the wheels U and U' consists of two disks, r and r', the former having a tubular stem, t, projecting through the latter, and the stem having a nut, w, by turning which the disk 1^ may be moved nearer to the disk 1', thereby compressing and increasing the diameter of the Indiarubber ring s, after the latter has been worn. As the spindle K with its cutters revolves very rapidly, it is important that it should be balanced; hence I secure to a lug on the arm z', opposite to that which carries the cutter, a weight, 3, by adjusting which from or towards the centre of the spindle K the opposite arm may be perfectly balanced.

I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The spring e, or its equivalent, arranged on the grooved wheel F', as and for the purpose described.

2. The construction of the wheels U U', each consisting of two disks, r and r', with an intervening ring of gum-elastic, when the said disks can be adjusted towards each other for the compression of the ring, as set forth.

In testimony whereoi'lhave signed my name to this spcciication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HENRY T. CLAY.

Witnesses.

CnARLEs E. Fosrrn. W. J. R. DELANY. 

